SSD (solid state drive)

A solid-state drive ( SSD ), or solid-state disk  is a solid-state storage device that uses
integrated circuit assemblies as memory to store data persistently . SSD technology primarily uses electronic interfaces compatible with traditional
block input/output (I/O) hard disk drives (HDDs), which permit simple replacements in common applications.  New I/O interfaces like SATA Express and M.2 have been designed to address specific requirements of the SSD technology.
SSDs have no moving mechanical components. This distinguishes them from traditional
electromechanical drives such as hard disk drives (HDDs) or floppy disks , which contain spinning disks and movable read/write heads . Compared with electromechanical drives, SSDs are typically more resistant to physical shock, run silently, have quicker
access time and lower latency . [ However, while the price of SSDs has continued to decline over time (24 cents per gigabyte as of 2017),  consumer-grade SSDs are (as of 2017) still roughly four times more expensive per unit of storage than consumer-grade HDDs.
As of 2017, most SSDs use 3D TLC NAND-based flash memory , which is a type of non-volatile memory that retains data when power is lost. For applications requiring fast access but not necessarily data persistence after power loss, SSDs may be constructed from random-access memory (RAM). Such devices may employ batteries as integrated power sources to retain data for a certain amount of time after external power is lost.
However, all SSDs still store data in electrical charges, which slowly leak over time if left without power. This causes worn out drives (that passed their endurance rating) to start losing data typically after one (if stored at 30°C) to two (at 25°C) years in storage; for new drives it takes longer . Therefore, SSDs are not suited for archival purposes.
Hybrid drives or solid-state hybrid drives (SSHDs) combine the features of SSDs and HDDs in the same unit, containing a large hard disk drive and an SSD cache to improve performance of frequently accessed data.